Still, if you have to photograph in changing and often unfavorable lighting conditions, then the advantages of raw files are fairly obvious, especially with a large image sensor. Raw may be nice if you shoot less than 100 frames every day, but I shoot more than that." The slowdown in huge data management just gets in the way of day-to-day pro shooting. "It all depends on one's ability to shoot well in the first place rather than having to play Monday morning quarterback. "Saving the raw data to process later ('shooting raw') never made any sense to me as an active shooter it's just postponing all the processing to do later in software rather than in real time for free in the hardware of the camera," says Rockwell. "I found the Leica M9 DNGs to have a huge amount of highlights I could recover, while the M240 was much worse." Smaller sensors like those in compact cameras and smartphones will typically have less flexible raws to work with. Even one camera model to the next can be quite different," says Rockwell. "Every maker's raw data is quite different. Also be aware that every camera's raw format will respond differently to processing. All of these imperfections will compound on one another when trying to edit JPEG files. In real-world photography, images might contain both over- and underexposed elements, along with unwanted color shifts. Some correction can be performed, but the drastic shift in our photo puts a blue tinge in the highlights that never fully goes away. If color temperature is mistakenly set incorrectly during shooting, it can be corrected without fault, whereas this white balance value is baked into the JPEG image. One of the most useful features of raw editing is the ability to adjust white balance without affecting underlying color values. It's through this editing that the differences between raw and JPEG really become apparent. With the raw files in your software of choice, you can make tweaks to the exposure, white balance and color data without degrading the base image quality. RawTherapee is also available as a free solution for image processing. After that, they can be imported and shared like any other photo. To use raw photos to their full potential, you'll have to process, edit and compress them using software such as Adobe Lightroom. Most other types of raws can be converted to DNG with minimal data loss. Most other camera companies have their own file types, but Adobe has also created the Digital Negative (DNG) in an attempt to make a standardized raw format. With that camera, Nikon introduced the NEF raw format, which it continues to use to this day. "Earlier ones were exotic science experiments." "That was the world's first practical DSLR," says Rockwell. Many peoples' first experience with raw photos was with the Nikon D1 camera, released in 1999. "Raw data is just that cameras all shoot with raw data, and then they form it into actual images which are then saved as JPEGs," says longtime photographer and camera reviewer Ken Rockwell. So, raw formats were created as a way to put all that unprocessed data into the hands of photographers. There's a whole wealth of light and color data that is picked up by your camera's image sensor, but must be "thrown away" during the file compression process. However, a JPEG's strength as a compressed format can also be a weakness. Shooting JPEG images with your camera is incredibly convenient because you can simply import the photo to your computer, drop it into a presentation or post it to social media without worrying that it will be incompatible or take up too much file space. If someone emails or texts you a photo, it is most likely in JPEG format (you can tell because the photo name is followed by the format name, for instance, "babyphoto.jpg.") It's the most popular compressed image format and has become a universal standard in nearly every photo-capable program and web browser on Earth. In all likelihood, you've seen multiple JPEG (aka JPG) files today, even on this webpage alone.
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